The Arabic numbering system is the most widely accepted today. Many periodic tables include both Roman and Arabic numbers. The modern IUPAC system uses Arabic numbers 1-18, simply numbering the columns of the periodic table from left to right. The periodic table of elements is arranged into several broad groups (Image credit: Future) Groups of the Periodic table Alkali metals: The alkali metals make up most of Group 1, the table's first.The CAS system used letters to differentiate main group (A) and transition (B) elements.The older IUPAC system used Roman numerals together with letters to distinguish between the left (A) and right (B) side of the periodic table.Three systems have been used to number families and groups: Recognizing Families on the Periodic TableĬolumns of the periodic table typically mark groups or families. Noble Gases: - Group 18 (VIIIA) - 8 valence electrons.Halogens: - Group 17 (VIIA) - 7 valence electrons.Oxygen Group or Chalcogens: - Group 16 (VIA) - 6 valence electrons.These elements have one valence electron. Alkali Metals The alkali metals are all elements of Group I except hydrogen. P e r i o d i c T a b l e F a m i l i e s 1. Nitrogen Group or Pnictogens: - Group 15 (VA) - 5 valence electrons Each family of elements is color coded to understand their position in the periodic table.Carbon Group or Tetrels: - Group 14 (IVA) - 4 valence electrons.Boron Group or Earth Metals: Group 13 (IIIA) - 3 valence electrons.Transition Metals: Groups 3-12 - d and f block metals have 2 valence electrons.Alkaline Earth Metals: Group 2 (IIA) - 2 valence electrons.Alkali Metals: Group 1 (IA) - 1 valence electron.Many chemists and chemistry textbooks recognize five main families:Īnother common method of categorization recognizes nine element families: Label and color code for : Metals, Nonmetals and metalloids. Label and color code the element symbols for solid, liquid, gas and man made. However, there are different ways of categorizing elements into families. Fill in each box with the element name, symbol, atomic weight and atomic number. Because element properties are largely determined by the behavior of valence electrons, families and groups may be the same. Element groups, on the other hand, are collections of elements categorized according to similar properties. The characteristics of the elements in these families are determined primarily by the number of electrons in the outer energy shell. Elements are classified into families because the three main categories of elements (metals, nonmetals, and semimetals) are very broad. Can you fill in the names of all ten categories of elements just by going by the symbols of elements in those categories? Which elements belong to which categories? Use colored markers to outline the elements and their categories in the same color.Element families are indicated by numbers located at the top of the periodic table.Īn element family is a set of elements sharing common properties. Hide element names and symbols and challenge students to complete the table. Just open the file in a PDF reader supporting layers and begin customizing! Show all layers for a complete view including groups, periods, legends, colored outlines, corners (for black and white printing), as well as the usual atomic number, weight, symbol, and name.
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